Management Concepts

Different Management Concepts

When people make decisions about any matter of an organization and its all department and control the whole system of the organization that is known as management. The person who has the skill of controlling and making decisions about a business is the manager of that organization.

For running any company some activities are associated with it .When these activities (planning, organizing, controlling, leading, monitoring) will manage any organization then it will be known as business management. On the other hand, operations Management do not deals with the activities of organization .It only deals with design and management of products/services,procedures and supply chains. Operations management considers the facts related with the achievement, development and utilization of resources that a company need to deliver its goods or services according to their client’s desire. Scheduling and controlling of production, inventory management, total quality management, assessment of quality, materials handling and equipment maintenance rules all the issues will be included under operational level of management.

Financial management (FM) covers the two key processes of resource management and finance operations. Finance operations and resource management operations are the example of financial management.

If any person at first set goal and then try to achieve that by scheduling it for making any decision then their time management will be possible. A person will be more organized, efficient and pleased if he gains the time management skills.

Information management (IM) is another type of management where information is collected from one source and distributed that information to one or more viewers.

Management consulting is the practice of serving organizations to develop their performance through the investigation of existing organizational problems and development of plans for progress.

Related News:  Knowledge Management 

Goals of Organizational Development

Goals of organizational development are prepared on the basis of specific situations. But these goals or aims vary from place to place and situation to situation. The objectives are modified to suit the requirements of diverse situations of the organization. Although the basic objectives have certain common things but some of the common and significant goals of organizational development are as follows:

Objective of an organization are focused on educating individuals about the mission. Organizational development permits employees to align with the mission of their organization. This maintains workers combined to achieve their common goal. 

Workers are motivated to solve their basic problems instead of avoiding those problems. This problem solving increases the skills of the employees. Employee’s performance level will improve with increasing their skill. 

On the other hand, depending on their skills workers will be encouraged to participate in the planning process. By this way they will realize their responsibility and will work for proper and effective implementation of the plan. Their participation will increase their working efficiency to perform better to attain the target.

Organizational development aims at making a friendly and comfortable working atmosphere where workers are encouraged and motivated to work proficiently for gain the profit. Workers work enthusiastically if they get such an atmosphere where they get their own freedom. As a result, their competence as well as output is enhanced; this is very obligatory for the healthy development of any business enterprise.

If business environment will change, then it is necessary to implement changes within the organization. Organizational development generates an environment of faith which motivates and directs workers to accept the changes resulting from dynamic changes in a business.  

Benefits of Organizational Development (OD):

• If any organization will be developed Profit (cost reduction, for non-profits) earning will be easier for that organization.

• Innovation in work and satisfaction of customer is possible if OD will be present.

• Organizational development improves product and service quality.

• For OD employees will think personally that they are effective for the organization.

• Any organization can give flexibility to their employees where OD is required.  

• Organizational development brings satisfaction in job, work even in life.

Related news :  Characteristics of organizational development (OD)

Knowledge Management

What is Knowledge Management?

Knowledge management is basically about receiving the right knowledge to the right person at the right time. Knowledge management (KM) is the method of receiving, improving, distributing, and efficiently using organizational knowledge. It refers as a mufti-disciplined approach to attain organizational goals by most excellent use of knowledge.

Benefits of Knowledge Management

The key benefit of knowledge management is that information can be easily shared between staff members and that knowledge will not be lost if someone goes on vacation, gets sick or leaves the organization.

As we know the ideas can be shared easily, knowledge management may also increase creativity and help to create better customer relationships. And if the organization has a global team then knowledge management can generate more powerful workforce ,when all of those different cultures are brought together to share assets.

Knowledge management gives staff members the knowledge they require to do their jobs better than before. This creates them more productive.

What is Knowledge Management Systems?

A Knowledge Management System (KMS) is an automated (generally IT based) system planned to support the formation, storage, and distribution of information. Such a system includes a central repository of information that is well prepared and employs a variety of valuable and easy to use seek tools that users can apply to find answers to questions rapidly.

Knowledge Management Systems importance:

One of the most challenges of managing a contact center is making sure that customers are receiving reliable, correct, and timely information. KMS are developed to assist contact center operators meet up this challenge. By having answers to normally asked questions in a central repository negotiators or customers can seek and regain the correct answers quickly and constantly. The concept of create one time and use by many -employed in the knowledge management process significantly enhances operating effectiveness of contact centers and also decreases costs. Other tangible benefits contain:

• Greater reliability and exactness of information to customers

• Improved conducting and replying times

• Enlarged customer satisfaction

• Decreased contact dimension (when executed as a self-service tool)

• Decreased time of training and expenditure for new representatives

• More efficient feedback from users on the basis of quality and effectiveness of the knowledge.

A KMS can provide full reporting to help contact center managers to always evaluate and manage the quality and usefulness of the knowledge and efficiency of their team.

Characteristics of Organizational Development (OD)

Organizational Development (OD) can be express as the systematic process to change culture, system and behavior of an organization. It is a procedure that facilitates in solving organizational problems and for achieving organizational goals. Organizational development considers as important instrument that helps in impressing the organization and its employee through a planned system. It focuses on people dimensions like rule, principles, manner, organizational culture etc.

The strategy of Organizational Development is to increase organization effectiveness and solving problems of organization. It includes structural and technological changes and concentrates on working relationships of employees with the organization. Organizational Development is the present approach to management of change for human resource development(HRD) .The characteristics of Organizational Development (OD) are as follows:-

• Organizational development (OD) focuses on culture and processes.

• Organizational development (OD) promotes cooperation between an organizations leader and his associates in managing culture and processes. 

• All kinds of teams are particularly important for finishing tasks and also objective for OD activities. 

• OD gives attention on the human and social side of the organization and also intervenes in the technological and structural sides. 

• By all levels participation and attachment in problem solving and decision making of an organization is the feature of Organizational Development (OD).

• OD considers organization as a complex social systems and it also gives importance to total system change.

• OD practitioners are collaborators with client systems.

• OD analysis organization progress as a continuing process in the context of frequently changing atmosphere.

• Organizational Development depends on an action research model with broad participation by client system associates.

Definitions of Management By Some Authors

Management is the process of managing all the activities and tasks required to maintain or achieve a desired level which most of the time deals with people related issues. It also includes making and applying quality scheduling, with quality control and quality upgrading. It is also known as the total quality management (TQM). Management only concerned about the accomplishments of the task for achieve a pre-determined objective by utilizing people and resources.

 

Different authors of management have viewed management from their own point of view and they also emphasis on different expects of the management. For an example, F.W. Taylor emphasized on engineering aspects, George R. Terry emphasis on decision making aspect, some of them like Barry Richman also emphasized on integration or coordination aspect of the management. 

George R. Terry tried to explain management is a different process in which planning, organizing, motivating and controlling; utilizing together science and art and followed in order to accomplish a pre-determined goal.

F.W. Taylor considered management as the skill of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that they do it in the best and the cheapest way.

Mary Parker Follett clarify management is the art of getting things done through other people.

Harold Koontz said it is an art of getting things done through others and with formally organized groups.

Peter Drucker gives explanation about it that management is a multipurpose organ that manages business, managers, workers and work also.

From above definitions we can say that Management is a societal and technological process in which planning, organizing, staffing and controlling etc are the major portion. In the formation, direction, maintenance and operation of an organization management helps in every aspects. It tries to maximize benefits for the employer, the employees, and the other people of the organization.

Related article:  Management Concepts

Issues Related With Human Resources

Retirement:

Retirement means stopping of work after attaining a particular age limit. But voluntary retirement of a worker in any establishment on completion of nearly 25 years service shall be deemed to be “Retirement”.

Working Hour:

The time when workers remain under the control of his employer for their work excepting time for eating and resting is the working hour for workers. 

Workshop:

Workshop means such premises or yard where industrial process is carried on.

Factory:

Any location or work area where generally five or more workers remain engaged in work on any day of the year is known as the “factory”.

Gratuity:

Gratuity means 30 days wages of a worker at the rate of last drawn wages for a full year or more than six months service which he gets on conclusion of service.

Retrenchment: 

Retrenchment is the termination of workers by the employer on the ground of needlessness caused by redundancy.

Discharge:

Discharge means termination of the service of worker by the employer on account of physical or mental disability.

Day:

It is a period of twenty four hours beginning from six o’ clock in the morning.

Shift:

Same kind of work is carried out by two or more sets of workers; working during the different periods of day is the “shift”.

Dismissal:

Termination of services of any worker for his or her misconduct by the employer is referred as “dismissal”.

Week:

A period of seven days which commences from six o’ clock in the morning of any Sunday or from any other day determined by the government for any area.

Labor Laws Related With HR

Classification of workers and periods of probation:

If any worker demand in depend on the time to time basis then the worker will be called casual worker.

If any company will appoint a worker for a particular work or time then that worker will be known as a temporary worker.

Conditions of service:

Under the conditions of service a company has to submit the service rule to the chief inspector for the approval. But the submission will be only done by the employers of the company. Chief inspector within six months of reception of service rule will give his order.

Any service rule of a company will not be effective if it do not get the approval of chief inspector.

After receiving the order from chief inspector a company can appeal to government within 30 days of orders. Then government will take a decision on the basis of the appeal.

Service Book:

Employer of a company will arrange a service book for each worker. Authority to maintain a service book will be on the employer of the company.

If any worker asserts that he has worked in another place then the employer shall require his service book before give appointment to that employee. If any worker of a company does not have any service book then arrangement shall have to be made for a service book. Workers also can maintain service book by their own cost.

Form of the Service Book:

In service book a fixed photo of workers and the description of each worker will be mentioned.

Name, address and birthday of workers, Name and address of the workers previous employer, duration of service, profession or post on that job, wages and allowances etc will come under the form of service book.

Procedure for leave:

If a worker desire to leave then he has to apply a written application to the employer and the leave-address should be mentioned there. Employer shall issue orders on the application within seven day from the date of receipts.

If the leave prayed for granted by the company, a leave pass is to be issued to the workers.          

After getting the leave if workers want to extend that time workers of that company should apply before his leave will be expired. In this case worker can get the permission or rejection to his leave address.

Stoppage of work:

In the event of fire, catastrophe, breakdown of machinery, epidemic, civil commotion employer of that company may stop all the section or specifically any section. But the employer has to give a notice to the worker for stoppage of their work.

In this period if some worker work then they will get wages if their work time will be more than one hour. If the working period is more than one day then the worker will get wages beyond the first one day of stoppage. If the stoppage of work is more than three days then workers will be considered as laid off.

Closure of Establishment:

If workers will go for illegal strikes then the employer may close down wholly or partly any section of that company. In this strikes workers shall not get any wages. But for this strikes if other section will be affected then that sections, workers should get those wages.

Death benefit:

If any worker works more than three years in a company and suddenly meets death, then employer will provide death benefit to those workers nominated person or dependent. The employers may pay gratuity or 30 days wages which will be greater for his service.